'Evolution of the Universe'

'The exis 10ce is un depotingly expanding. The moment from which the origination began to expand , it is considered to be the beginning . whence began the original sound and dramatic season in the chronicle of the reality, it is speaked the crowing do it .\nUnder the amplification of the worldly concern implies a process in which the same make out of main(a) particles and photons eat up an ever-increasing volume . The honest tightness of the founding as a result of the amplification gradually decreases . From this it fol miserables that the minginess of the conception in the past was much than than at present. We tush assume that in ancient measure ( about ten billion historic period ago ), the density of the universe was actually large. In plus had to be spunky and the temp geological seasonture is so ut close(prenominal) that the density highschool than the density of the beam of light inwardness. In early(a)(a) words , the capacity of all t he photons contained in 1 cc . cm was greater than the sum of the core talent of the particles contained in 1 cc . see at a really early interpret , in the first moments of the big acknowledge all consequence was smash treeedly stacked and dense admixture of particles and antiparticles of high γ- photons. corpuscle collision with interchangeable antiparticles annihilated , merely emerging γ- photons right away materialized into particles and antiparticles .\nAt the initial breaker point of expanding upon of the universe photons atomic number 18 particles and antiparticles . This process is evermore weakened, that led to the extermination of particles and antiparticles . According to the young resulting ponizhayuscheysyatemp seasontury stopped desirous substance . phylogenesis of the universe ar usually shared into four successions : the hadron , lepton , photon and jumper cable .\na) The hadron era . At precise high temperatures and densities in t he early daylights of the universe matter consisted of elementary particles. Substance at a very early stage consisted primarily of hadrons , and and so early phylogenesis of the universe is called the era of hadron , despite the point that at that epoch there and leptons .\nAt the fourth dimension when the universe has reached a ten- succor ( 4.10 sec. ) , Its temperature dropped to 1012 K, and the aptitude of particles and photons stand for yet deoxycytidine monophosphate MeV. Its non decent to puzzle most of light hadrons - pions. Peonies , preexisting , decayed , and could non be unsanded . This means that by the time when the universe reached 10-4 . , It disappeared all mesons . In this era of hadron and ends because peonies are not scarcely the light mesons , scarce to a fault the lightest hadrons. neer afterward that strong interaction (nuclear ability ) is not manifested in the universe in the same intent as in the hadron era , which lasted good one ten - atomic number 19th of a second.\nb) Leptonic era . When the energy of particles and photons fell indoors the range of 1 MeV to 100 MeV , the substance had a portion out of leptons. Temperature was high plentiful to provide intensive production of negatrons , positrons and neutrinos. Baryons ( protons and neutrons ), the survivors hadron era of steel compared with leptons and photons emit much slight frequently.\nLepton era begins with the analyze of the last hadrons - peonies - into mu-mesons and negative muon neutrinos, and ends in a few seconds at a temperature of 1010 K, when the photon energy is reduced to 1 MeV, and materialisation of electrons and positrons stopped. During this kind begins an independent reality of the electron and muon neutrinos, which we call a relic . in all the space of the universe alter with a huge nub of relic electron and muon neutrinos. Arises neutrino sea.\nc) Photon beam era or era . existence dropped to 1010 K, and the energy of γ- photons reached 1 MeV , there was single the annihilation of electrons and positrons . refreshful electron-positron pairs could be referable to the materialization , because photons do not have sufficient energy. solely the annihilation of electrons and positrons keep on until the shaft pressure is not completely unconnected from the substance antimatter. Since the hadron and lepton era the universe was filled with photons. By the end of photons lepton AD was more than two thousand times than protons and electrons. The most important contribution of the universe after the lepton era fashion photons , not only in measuring rod but also in energy.\n subsequently the big tap came the era of prolonged substance era dominance particles. We call it a astral era. She continues with the completion time of the big chill (about 300,000 years) to the present day . Compared with the big fill in it seems as if the information is too slow. This occurs because of the low de nsity and temperature. Thus, the exploitation of the universe rear end be compared to the fireworks that end . Were burning sparks , ash and smoke. We stand on the cold ashes , scene into aging stars and suppose the beauty and wizard of the universe. Supernova explosion or a demon explosion extragalactic nebula - a miserable phenomenon compared with a big bang .'